1. Rethread the machine with the presser foot raised
2. Insert a new needle, selecting the appropriate needle type and size for the fabric being used
3. Verify that the needle is inserted correctly
4. Confirm the correct bobbin type by checking your manual
5. Ensure the bobbin is installed properly
6. Clean lint from the bobbin area
7. Try using a different brand or size thread
8. Use the same thread in needle and bobbin
9. Check the upper tension
10. Avoid pushing or pulling the fabric forcefully
If you do not have a copy of your sewing machine manual, most can be found for free online by searching the brand and model of your machine.
Keep your sewing machine manual handy. If you're unfamiliar with your machine or it's been a while since you used it, review the manual and practice threading and stitching.
If you don't have a manual, check your machine manufacturer's website or search online using the model and make, like "Singer 301A manual". I recommend not paying for machine manuals from websites you are not familiar with. Facebook groups specific to your machine make and/or model often have manuals in their files section.
For a paper copy, try eBay. Verify if you are purchasing a paper copy or a PDF. If you want to purchase a paper copy, decide if you prefer an original or a reproduction. Originals may cost more than copies.
Using the appropriate type and size needle is important for an optimal sewing experience. Avoid using a bent, worn, or damaged needle, as this can cause skipped stitches, broken threads, and thread bunching. Common needle types include universal, ball point, quilting, sharp, and denim needles. The needle should correspond to the fabric being sewn.
The most frequently used sewing needle size is 90/14, with sizes ranging from 60/8 (the smallest) to 110/18 (the largest). Smaller needles are suitable for thinner fabrics and threads.
I highly recommend Schmetz brand needles, which are widely available in many large retail stores. The Schmetz website provides useful information about different needle types and sizes Needle Guide – SCHMETZneedles
Using the correct bobbin for your machine is essential. An incorrect bobbin can cause tangled threads, jams, and skipped stitches. Even within the same brand, bobbins are not always interchangeable. If you don't have the manual, search online using your machine's make and model.
Check your machine's manual to find the right bobbin type. If you do not have the manual handy, search online for bobbin recommended for the make and model of your machine. Example: “Pfaff 7510 Bobbin” or “Singer 401A Bobbin”.
Quality sewing thread ensures a successful sewing experience. It is not recommended to use old thread because it may break. Using inexpensive thread is not truly a timesaver because the thread can cause problems with your machine. Make sure you are using sewing machine thread, not hand quilting thread. No one wants to keep threading their machine because of thread breaking, nor do you want your machine to jam because of the thread.
The thread brands I recommend are Aurifil, Gutermann and Mettler. Aurifil seems more expensive but you get more thread on a spool than you do with the popular Coats & Clark. Aurifil creates less fuzz in sewing machines than other threads and has less thread breakage.